ProjectClue.com WhatsApp or Call Us

projectclue whatsapp icon07030248044

Project Topic:

A DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS ON THE METHODS OF ESTIMATING VARIANCE COMPONENTS IN FARM ANIMALS.

Project Information:

 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 62 ::   Attributes: Secondary data, Data Analysis,Abstract  ::   11,089 people found this useful

Project Department:

STATISTICS UNDERGRADUATE PROJECT TOPICS, RESEARCH WORKS AND MATERIALS

Project Body:

CHAPTER ONE

1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Variance measures the variability or difference from a mean or response. A variance value of 0 indicates that all values within a set of numbers are identical. Statisticians use variance to see how individual numbers or values relate to each other.  Estimating variance components in statistics refers to the processes involved in efficiently calculating the variability within responses or values. Variance component are estimated when

  • A new improved trait is discovered
  • Variances or variability changes or alternate overtime due to environmental or genetic changes.
  • A new trait is about to be defined or explained

A cardinal objective of many genetic surveys is the estimation of variance components associated with individual traits. Heritability, the proportion of variation in a trait that is contributed by average effects of genes, may be calculated from variance components. The heritability of a trait gives an indication of the ability of a population to respond to selection, and thus, the potential of that population to evolve (Lande & Shannon, 1996). Estimates of variance components are common in the discipline of animal breeding and production, where this information on the variance components is used in the development of selection regimes to improve economically important traits (Lynch & Walsh, 1998). A requirement for estimating variance components is knowledge of the relationship structure of the population. In a natural population, variance components are also of considerable interest for evolutionary studies (Boag, 1983) and also for conservation purposes. In natural populations, however, information on relationships may be unreliable or unavailable. These estimates of relationships may be combined with phenotypic information gathered from the same individuals, allowing inferences to be made about variance components (Ritland, 1996; Mousseau et al., 1998).

Molecular data are used to infer relationships between animals on a pair-wise basis, because this provides the least complex level at which relationships may be estimated, while still allowing a population to be divided into several relationship classes. Estimates of pair-wise relationships are then combined with a pair-wise measure of phenotypic information. Several methods of estimating variance components have been studied, but for the purpose of clarity four different methods of estimating these variance components will be evaluated in this research work. They are;

  1. The ANOVA method
  2. The Maximum likelihood method
  3. The Restricted maximum likelihood method
  4. The Quasi maximum likelihood method.

 

1.2. STATEMENT OF THE GENERAL PROBLEM

They have been general contradictions on the appropriate method to use in the estimating the variance components of animals. So this problem has led us into this research to ascertain the relatively best or appropriate method to be used in estimating these variance components in farm animals.

 

1.3. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The major objective of this study is to determine the best method to be used between the methods enumerated above in estimating variance components of farm animals.

 

1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

A major significance of this study is to unravel the relatively best methods among the methods highlighted above with a view to advising animal breeders, producers and animal researchers on the best method to be used in estimating variance components as which relatively better method has generated a lot of controversies over time .

 

1.5. SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study is centered on the methods of estimating variance components in farm animals, to know which of the methods is relatively better in estimation.

 

1.6. DEFINITION OF TERMS

  • Variance: the amount by which something changes or is different from something else.
  • Estimation: a judgment or opinion about the value or quality of somebody or something.
  • Traits: a particular quality in someone’s personality.
  • Genetic: the units in the cells of livings that controls its physical characteristics.
  • Components: one of several parts of which something is made.

 

1.7. HYPOTHESIS TO BE TESTED

  1. : there is no significant difference between the methods of estimating variance components.
  2. : there is a significant difference between the methods of estimating variance components.

Level of significance: 0.05

Decision rule: reject H0 if p-value is less than the level of significance. Accept H0 if otherwise.

 

REFERENCES

Anderson R.L., Bancroft T.A. (1952): Statistical Theory in Research. McGraw-Hill, New York.

Federer W.T. (1968): Non-negative estimators for components of variance. Appl. Stat., 17, 171–174.

Fisher R.A. (1925): Statistical Methods for Research Workers, Oliver and Boyd.

Gamerman D. (1997): Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Chapman and Hall, New York.

Gelman A., Carlin J.B., Stern H.S., Rubin D.B. (1995): Bayesian Data Analysis. Chapman and Hall, New York. Herbach L.H. (1959): Properties of model II type analysis of variance tests A: Optimum nature of the F-test for model II in balanced case. Ann. Math. Statist., 30, 939–959.

Get the complete project »


Instant Share On Social Media:


Can't find what you are looking for?
Call (+234) 07030248044.

OTHER SIMILAR STATISTICS PROJECTS AND MATERIALS

A MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ON THE RESPONSE OF CROPS TO FERTILIZER AND SOIL TYPES. (A CASE STUDY OF THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE UMUDIKE, ABIA STATE)

 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 59 ::   Attributes: Secondary data, Data Analysis,Abstract  ::   8764 engagements

CHAPTER ONE 1.1. INTRODUCTION Crop production is an integral part of agriculture, the other half is animal production or husbandry. Crop production can either be on a subsistence or commercial level...Continue reading »

A QUALITY ANALYSIS OF THE THICKNESS OF PART AND CORRUGATED ASBETES ROOFING SHEETS OF EMENITE LIMITED ENUGU

 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1 - 5 ::   Pages: 57 ::   Attributes: Secondary data, Data Analysis,Abstract

ABSTRACT This project work is designed to give an insight into the application of statistical quality control in the building products industries in order to help manufacturers understand the import...Continue reading »

A QUALITY CONTROL ANALYSIS OF CEMENTS IN DANGOTE CEMENT PLC (A CASE STUDY OF IBESE CEMENT PLANT LAGOS)

 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 50 ::   Attributes: Secondary data, Data Analysis,Abstract  ::   20525 engagements

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The history of cement production in Nigeria can be traced back to 1957. From the onset, about three cement plants were commissioned by the Nort...Continue reading »

A REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FROM 1990-2014

 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 57 ::   Attributes: Secondary data, Data Analysis,Abstract  ::   23653 engagements

...Continue reading »

A REGRESSION ANALYSIS ON THE IMPACT OF PER CAPITA INCOME ON HEALTH CARE COST (A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY OF UYO TEACHING HOSPITAL)

 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 65 ::   Attributes: Secondary data, Data Analysis,Abstract  ::   8394 engagements

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the study Per capita income in Nigeria as we all know has a lot to do with the day to day live of Nigerians as it determines the quality of services rend...Continue reading »

A REGRESSION ANALYSIS ON THE IMPACT OF SMOKING, LEVEL OF EXERCISE, WEIGHT ON MEDICAL COST. (A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTER OWERRI)

 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 59 ::   Attributes: Secondary data, Data Analysis,Abstract  ::   24548 engagements

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the study The increase in the number of people who are ill in the various health establishments has risen geometrically overtime. Most of these illnesses...Continue reading »

What are looking for today?

WHAT OUR CUSTOMERS ARE SAYING:
  • 1. Abubakar Sani from Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission said "I had a wonderful experience using ProjectClue, they delivered not only on time, but the content had good quality. I recommend ProjectClue for any project research work.".
    Rating: Excellent
  • 2. Ogunniran Olawale from Ekiti state university said "Projectclue is really safe and reliable Quick access to project works Nice customer service Fast delivery of request Recommend this toy fellow students ".
    Rating: Excellent
  • 3. Fahat Nasir from isa kaita college of education dutsinma said "Fish farming a solution unemployment ".
    Rating: Very Good
  • 4. Ajimbi Oluwarotimi from Theology school osun said "Good ".
    Rating: Very Good
  • 5. Clement Abdullahi Ogiji from National Open University of Nigeria said "I am a living witness and have recommended project clue to a lot of students, so far none have been disappointed, very reliable and, trustworthy and dependable".
    Rating: Excellent
  • 6. Jhuee from Sultan national high school said "Good quality. I recommend project clue for any project research work.".
    Rating: Excellent